Wisdom Insight Letter No. 182
Satipatthana 99: Dhammanupassana 4: 37 enlightenment factors (Bodhipakkhiya Dhamma) 37보리분법
The literal meaning of ‘Bodhipakkhiya Dhamma’ in Pali is ‘Dhamma belongs to enlightenment (bodhi)’ or ‘Dhamma is related to enlightenment’. The entire Dhamma is divided into seven categories and each characteristic method is presented. It is no exaggeration to say that this is what Buddhism is all about.
It refers to the 37 factors explained by Gautama Buddha and is actually a general term for the practice methods of early Buddhism.
4 mindfulness (sati-paṭṭhāna)
Observation of ① body ② feeling ③ mind ④ Dhamma
4 self-control efforts (samm-appadhāna)
These are the four virtues to practice by diligently devoting oneself to cutting off all evil and producing good. Meditation in daily life involves mindfulness at every moment without forgetting. This becomes the basis for the creation of wisdom by protecting the precepts, quieting the mind, and practicing the basic path of purity.
① Trying diligently to prevent evil that has not yet occurred. ② Try diligently to eliminate evil that has already occurred. ③ Trying diligently to create goodness that has not yet existed. ④ Trying diligently to increase the goodness that has already been created.
4 means of achievement (iddhi-pāda)
① Achieve free power by performing with enthusiasm and active motivation. ② Achieve free power with persistence through proper effort. ③ Achieve the power of free mind by cultivating the jhāna that can control the mind. ④ Achieving free power through right Samadhi through right-thinking and verification.
5 faculties (indrīya)
① Faith ② Effort ③ Mindfulness ④ Samadhi ⑤ Wisdom
5 Forces (bala)
When the 5 faculties above increase, five corresponding powerful powers emerge, and these five powers become the capacity for liberation.
7 factors of Awakening (bojjhaṅga)
① Mindfulness ② Verification ③ Effort ④ Joy ⑤ Stability ⑥ Samadhi ⑦ Equanimity
8 noble Path (ariya-magga)
① Right view, ② Right thought, ③ Right speech, ④ Right action, ⑤ Right name, ⑥ Right effort, ⑦ Right mindfulness, ⑧ Right Samadhi.
37 Bodhipakkhiya Dhamma leads sentient beings trapped in meditation to the path of liberation, and includes the beginning, process, and results of practice. It shows the entirety of Buddhism, including reaching the final goal of liberation and nirvana.
The Buddha said that this method of practice is good at the beginning, good at the middle, and good at the end. I hope that only good things will always happen through understanding the right way to practice.
To be continued…
May you be well and happy! May all practice well and reach to Magga (道, the path of enlightenment) and Phala (果, the fruit of enlightenment)!
with Metta,
Ayya Kosalla
at Brahma Vihara Meditation Center in California
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법에 대한 질문이 있으신 분은 위의 이메일 주소로 질문을 남겨주세요.
위빠사나명상의 마음관찰에 대한 논문을 한글 원본으로 읽고 싶으신 분은 클릭해서 다운로드 받을 수 있습니다. (네이버에 PDF 첨부)
The Korean Wisdom Insight Letter is here 지혜통찰편지.
Buddha Sāsanaṁ Ciraṁ Tiṭṭhatu!
May the Buddha’s teachings last a long time!
Bhavatu Sabba Sotiṁ ca Maṅgalaṁ ca!!
May everyone be led on the path of peace and blessing!!
Sādhu Sādhu Sādhu!